Abstract
Objectives
To describe the degree of automation in just-in-time, adaptive interventions (JITAIs)
assessed in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) in any medical specialty, and to assess
the completeness of intervention reporting.
Study Design and Setting
Systematic scoping review—we searched PubMed, PsycINFO, and Web of Science, from 1
January 2019 to 2 March 2021, for reports of RCTs assessing JITAIs. We assessed whether
study reports included the minimum information required to replicate the interventions
based on JITAI frameworks. We described JITAIs according to their automation level
using an established framework (partially, highly, or fully automated), and care workload
distribution (requiring work from patients, health care professionals [HCPs], both,
or neither).
Results
We included 88 JITAIs (62%, n = 55 supported chronic illness management and 12%, n = 11 supported health behavior change). Overall, 77% (n = 68) of JITAIs were missing some information required to replicate the intervention
(e.g., n = 38, 43% inadequately reported the algorithm used to select intervention components).
Only fifteen (17%) JITAIs were fully automated and did not require additional work
from HCPs nor patients. Of the remaining JITAIs, 36% required work from both patients
and HCPs, and 47% required work from either patients or HCPs.
Conclusion
Most JITAIs are not fully automated and require work from the HCPs and patients.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 12, 2022
Accepted:
December 8,
2022
Footnotes
Conflict of interest: None declared.
Funding: None.
Declaration of interests: The authors declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this article.
Data availability: The datasets analyzed during the current study are available from the corresponding author on reasonable request.
Author Contributions: Theodora Oikonomidi contributed to the conceptualization, data curation, formal analysis, investigation, methodology, writing - original draft, and writing - review and editing. Philippe Ravaud contributed to the conceptualization, supervision, and writing - review and editing. Jonathan LeBeau contributed to the data curation, writing - review and editing. Viet-Thi Tran contributed to conceptualization, supervision, methodology, writing - review and editing.
Identification
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