Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 57, Issue 12 , Pages 1262-1270, December 2004

Penalized maximum likelihood estimation to directly adjust diagnostic and prognostic prediction models for overoptimism: a clinical example

  • K.G.M. Moons

      Affiliations

    • Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 80035, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +31 30 2509368; fax: +31 30 2505480.
    • ,
  • A. Rogier T. Donders

      Affiliations

    • Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center Utrecht, P.O. Box 80035, 3508 TA Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • Center for Biostatistics, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • E.W. Steyerberg

      Affiliations

    • Department of Public Health, Erasmus Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
    • ,
  • F.E. Harrell

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA

Accepted 20 January 2004.

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PII: S0895-4356(04)00171-4

doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2004.01.020

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 57, Issue 12 , Pages 1262-1270, December 2004

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