Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 56, Issue 7 , Pages 610-617 , July 2003

Early stopping in clinical trials and epidemiologic studies for “futility”: Conditional power versus sequential analysis

  • Ingeborg van der Tweel

      Affiliations

    • Centre for Biostatistics, Utrecht University, Centrumgebouw Noord C122, Padualaan 14, 3584 CH Utrecht, The Netherlands
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Tel.: +31-30-253-5437; fax: +31-30-252-1105.
    • ,
  • Paulus A.H. van Noord

      Affiliations

    • Julius Centre for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands

References 

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  3. Hunsberger S, Sorlie P, Geller NL. Stochastic curtailing and conditional power in matched case-control studies. Stat Med. 1994;13:663–670
  4. Jennison C, Turnbull BW. Group sequential methods with applications to clinical trials. Boca Raton: Chapman & Hall/CRC; 2000;
  5. Pepe MS, Anderson GL. Two-stage experimental designs: early stopping with a negative result. Appl Stat. 1992;41:181–190
  6. Strömberg U. A method for deciding early stopping of inconclusive case-control studies in settings where data are stratified. Stat Med. 1997;16:2327–2337
  7. Betensky RA. Early stopping to accept H0 based on conditional power: approximations and comparisons. Biometrics. 1997;53:794–806
  8. Van der Tweel I, Van Noord PAH. ‘A method for deciding early stopping of inconclusive case-control studies in settings where data are stratified’ by Strömberg U. [letter] Stat Med. 1999;18:361–363
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  11. Van der Tweel I, Van Noord PAH. Sequential analysis of matched dichotomous data from prospective case-control studies. Stat Med. 2000;19:3449–3464
  12. Haidich A-B, Ioannidis JPA. Patterns of patient enrollment in randomized controlled trials. J Clin Epidemiol. 2001;54:877–883
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  15. Betensky RA. Conditional power calculations for early acceptance of H0 embedded in sequential tests. Stat Med. 1997;16:465–477
  16. Van der Tweel I, Kaaks R, Van Noord PAH. Comparison of one-sample two-sided sequential t-tests for application in epidemiological studies. Stat Med. 1996;15:2781–2795
  17. Simon R. Some practical aspects of the interim monitoring of clinical trials. Stat Med. 1994;13:1401–1409

PII: S0895-4356(03)00117-3

doi: 10.1016/S0895-4356(03)00117-3

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 56, Issue 7 , Pages 610-617 , July 2003

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