Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 56, Issue 1 , Pages 75-80 , January 2003

Glucose screening and the risk of complications in Type 2 diabetes mellitus

  • Kenneth G. Schellhase

      Affiliations

    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author. Department of Family and Community Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. Tel.: (414) 456-8854; fax: (414) 456-6689.
    • Department of Family Medicine, University of Washington, Box 356390, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
    • The Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, University of Washington, Box 357183, Seattle, WA 98195-7183, USA
    • Current address: Medical College of Wisconsin Department of Family and Community Medicine and The Center for Patient Care and Outcomes Research, Milwaukee, WI.
    • ,
  • Thomas D. Koepsell

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195-7236, USA
    • Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Box 357660, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, USA
    • The Robert Wood Johnson Clinical Scholars Program, University of Washington, Box 357183, Seattle, WA 98195-7183, USA
    • Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
    • ,
  • Noel S. Weiss

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195-7236, USA
    • Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
    • ,
  • Edward H. Wagner

      Affiliations

    • Group Health Cooperative and the Sandy MacColl Institute for Healthcare Innovation, 1730 Minor Ave., Suite 1290, Seatle, WA 98101, USA
    • ,
  • Gayle E. Reiber

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195-7236, USA
    • Department of Health Services, University of Washington, Box 357660, Seattle, WA 98195-7660, USA
    • Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA
    • Health Services Research and Development, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health System, 1660 S. Columbian Way, Seattle, WA 98108, USA

Received 31 October 2001 ,Revised 8 July 2002 ,Accepted 26 August 2002.

References 

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention . National diabetes fact sheet (National estimates and general information on diabetes in the United States, revised edition). Atlanta, GA: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention;; 1998;
  2. Harris MI, Flegal KM, Cowie CC, et al.  Prevalence of diabetes, impaired fasting glucose, and impaired glucose tolerance in U. S. adults. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:518–524
  3. National Diabetes Data Group . Diabetes in America. 2nd edition. NIH Publication No. 95-1468. Bethesda: National Institutes of Health;; 1995;
  4. Harris MI, Klein R, Welborn TA, et al.  Onset of NIDDM occurs at least 4–7 years before clinical diagnosis. Diabetes Care. 1992;15:815–819
  5. Harris MI. Undiagnosed NIDDM (clinical and public health issues). Diabetes Care. 1993;16:642–652
  6. American Diabetes Association . Economic consequences of diabetes mellitus in the U.S. in 1997. Diabetes Care. 1998;21:296–309
  7. Klein R. Hyperglycemia and microvascular and macrovascular disease in diabetes. Diabetes Care. 1995;18:258–267
  8. Nasr CE, Hoogwerf BJ, Faiman C, et al.  United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) (effects of glucose and blood pressure control on complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus). Cleve Clin J Med. 1999;66:247–253
  9. Klein R, Klein BEK. Relation of glycemic control to diabetic complications and health outcomes. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(Suppl 3):C39–C43
  10. Diabetes Control and Complications Trial Research Group . The effect of intensive treatment of diabetes on the development and progression of long-term complications in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:977–986
  11. Eastman RC, Javitt JC, Herman WH, et al.  Model of complications of NIDDM (analysis of the health benefits and cost-effectiveness of treating NIDDM with the goal of normoglycemia). Diabetes Care. 1997;20:735–744
  12. Vijan S, Hofer TP, Hayward RA. Estimated benefits of glycemic control in microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes. Ann Intern Med. 1997;127:788–795
  13. American Diabetes Association . Report of the Expert Committee on the Diagnosis and Classification of Diabetes Mellitus. Diabetes Care. 1998;21(Suppl 1):1–30
  14. Engelgau MM, Aubert RE, Thompson TJ, et al.  Screening for NIDDM in nonpregnant adults. Diabetes Care. 1995;18:1606–1618
  15. Goyder E, Irwig L. Screening for diabetes (what are we really doing?). BMJ. 1998;317:1644–1646
  16. U.S. Preventive Services Task Force . Guide to clinical preventive services. 2nd edition. Alexandria, Virginia: International Medical Publishing;; 1996;
  17. CDC Diabetes Cost-Effectiveness Study Group . The cost-effectiveness of screening for Type 2 diabetes. JAMA. 1998;280:1757–1763
  18. Weiss NS. Application of the case-control method in the evaluation of screening. Epidemiol Rev. 1994;16:102–108
  19. Selby JV, Friedman GD, Quesenberry CP, et al.  A case-control study of screening sigmoidoscopy and mortality from colorectal cancer. N Engl J Med. 1992;326:653–657
  20. Selby JV, Friedman GD, Quesenberry CP, et al.  Effect of fecal occult blood testing on mortality from colorectal cancer. Ann Intern Med. 1993;118:1–6
  21. Richert-Boe KE, Humphrey LL, Glass AG, et al.  Screening digital rectal examination and prostate cancer mortality (a case-control study). J Med Screen. 1998;5:99–103
  22. Lazovich D, Weiss NS, Stevens NG, et al.  A case-control study to evaluate the efficacy of screening for faecal occult blood. J Med Screen. 1995;2:84–89
  23. Weiss NS. Control definition in case-control studies of the efficacy of screening and diagnostic testing. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;118:457–460
  24. Etzioni RD, Weiss NS. Analysis of case-control studies of screening (impact of misspecifying the duration of detectable preclinical pathologic changes). Am J Epidemiol. 1998;148:292–297
  25. UK Prospective Diabetes Study Group . Intensive blood-glucose control with sulphonylureas or insulin compared with conventional treatment and risk of complications in patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 33). Lancet. 1998;352:837–853

☆ This research was approved by the University of Washington Human Subjects Division.

PII: S0895-4356(02)00533-4

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 56, Issue 1 , Pages 75-80 , January 2003

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