Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 48, Issue 11 , Pages 1349-1359 , November 1995

Physical-strength tests and mortality among visitors to health-promotion centers in Japan

,Revised 23 January 1995

References 

  1. Okamoto M, Yosida R, Suyama A, Nakayama H, Oshiro H, Meshitsuka S, et al. Health and physical fitness indices. (Report I). Health characteristics of users of health promotion centers in Japan. Jpn J Public Health. 1989;36:693–700 (summary in English)
  2. Paffenbarger RS, Hyde R. Exercise in the prevention of coronary heart disease. Prev Med. 1984;13:3–22
  3. Potter JD, Slattery ML, Bostick RM, Gapstur SM. Colon cancer: A review of the epidemiology. Epidemiol Rev. 1993;15:499–545
  4. In: Guideline for approval of the Health Promotion and Facilities, Health Promotion and Nutrition Section, Ministry of Health and Welfare. 3rd Ed. Technical Guideline for the Health Promotion Facilities. Tokyo: Chuo-Houki; 1986;p. 166–215 (in Japanese)
  5. Oda S. In: 3rd Ed. Exercise Handbook for Health Promotion. Tokyo: Daiichi-Shuppan; 1987; (in Japanese)
  6. Preston DL, Lubin JH, Pierce DA, McConney ME. In: 3rd Ed. Epicure: User's Guide. Seattle: Hirosoft International Corporation; 1993;
  7. In: 3rd Ed. Vital Statistics of Japan, 1987. Tokyo: Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare; December 1988; (in Japanese)
  8. In: 3rd Ed. Vital Statistics of Japan, 1988. Tokyo: Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare; December 1989; (in Japanese)
  9. In: 3rd Ed. Vital Statistics of Japan, 1989. Tokyo: Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare; December 1990; (in Japanese)
  10. In: 3rd Ed. Vital Statistics of Japan, 1990. Tokyo: Statistics and Information Department, Minister's Secretariat, Ministry of Health and Welfare; December 1991; (in Japanese)
  11. Leon AS, Connett J, Jacobs DR, Rauramaa R. Leisure-time physical activity levels and risk of coronary heart disease and death. The Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial. JAMA. 1987;258:2388–2395
  12. Salonen JT, Slater JS, Tuomilehto J, Rauramma R. Leisure-time and occupational physical activity: Risk of death from ischemic heart disease. Am J Epidemiol. 1988;127:87–94
  13. Sobolski J, Kornitzer M, Backer GDE, Dramaix M, Abramowicz M, Degre S, et al. Protection against ischemic heart disease in Belgian Physical Fitness Study: Physical fitness rather than physical activity?. Am J Epidemiol. 1987;125:601–610
  14. Slattery ML, Jacobs DR. Physical fitness and cardiovascular disease mortality: The US Railroad Study. Am J Epidemiol. 1988;127:571–580
  15. Blair SN, Kohl HW, Paffenbarger RS, Clark DG, Cooper KH, Gibbons LW. Physical fitness and allcause mortality. A prospective study of healthy men and women. JAMA. 1989;262:2395–2401
  16. Folsom AR, Caspersen CJ, Taylor HL, Jacobs D, Luepker RV, Gomez-Marin O, et al. Leisure-time physical activity and its relationship to coronary risk factors in a population-based sample. The Minnesota Heart Survey. Am J Epidemiol. 1985;121:570–579
  17. Cauley JA, Laporte RE, Standler RB, Orchard TJ, Slemenda CW, Petrini AM. The relationship of physical activity to high density lipoprotein cholesterol in postmenopausal women. J Chron Dis. 1986;39:687–697
  18. Paffenbarger RP, Wing AL, Hyde RT, Jung DL. Physical activity and incidence of hypertension in college alumni. Am J Epidemiol. 1983;117:245–257
  19. Sandvik L, Erikssen J, Thaulow E, Erikssen G, Mundal R, Rodahl K. Physical fitness as a predictor of mortality among healthy, middle-aged Norwegian men. N Engl J Med. 1993;328:533–537
  20. Cooper C, Barker DJP, Wickham CW. Physical activity, muscle strength, and calcium intake in fracture of the proximal femur in Britain. BMJ. 1988;297:1443–1446
  21. Wickham CW, Cooper C, Margetts BM, Barker DJP. Muscle strength, activity, housing and the risk of falls in elderly people. Age Ageing. 1989;18:47–51
  22. Arraiz GA, Wigle DT, Mao Y. Risk assessment of physical activity and physical fitness in the Canada Health Survey Mortality Follow-up Study. J Clin Epidemiol. 1992;45:419–428
  23. Lindsted KD, Tonstad S, Kuzma JW. Self-report of physical activity and patterns of mortality in Seventh-Day Adventist men. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44:355–364
  24. Brownson RC, Zahm SH, Chang JC, Blair A. Occupational risk of colon cancer: An analysis by anatomic subsite. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;130:675–687
  25. Fredriksson M, Bengtsson N-O, Hardell L, Axelson O. Colon cancer, physical activity, and occupational exposures: a case-control study. Cancer. 1989;63:1838–1842
  26. Viljanen T, Viitasalo JT, Kujala UM. Strength characteristics of a healthy urban adult population. Eur J Appl Physiol. 1991;63:43–47
  27. Cauley JA, Petrini AM, LaPorte RE, Sandler RB, Bayles CM, Robertson RJ, et al. The decline of grip strength in the menopause: relationship to physical activity, estrogen use and anthropometric factors. J Chron Dis. 1987;40:115–120
  28. In: 3rd Ed. National Nutrition Survey in 1989. Tokyo, Daiichi-Shuppan: Health Promotion and Nutrition Section, Ministry of Health and Welfare; December 1989; (in Japanese)

PII: 0895-4356(95)00533-1

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 48, Issue 11 , Pages 1349-1359 , November 1995

Article Tools