Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 49, Issue 2 , Pages 223-233 , February 1996

Community surveillance of coronary heart disease in the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study: Methods and initial two years' experience

  • Alice D. White

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Aaron R. Folsom

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Lloyd E. Chambless

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • A.Richey Sharret

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, NIH/NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Kiduk Yang

      Affiliations

    • Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • David Conwill

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology, Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Millicent Higgins

      Affiliations

    • Division of Epidemiology and Clinical Applications, NIH/NHLBI, Bethesda, Maryland, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • O.Dale Williams

      Affiliations

    • School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • H.A. Tyroler

      Affiliations

    • Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • The ARIC Investigators

,Revised 13 February 1995

References 

  1. Gillum RF, Folsom AR, Blackburn H. Decline in coronary heart disease mortality. Old questions and new facts. Am J Med. 1984;76:1055–1065
  2. Davis WB, Hayes CG, Knowles M, et al.  Geographic variation in declining ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States. 1968–1978. Am J Epidemiol. 1985;122(4):657–672
  3. Wing S, Hayes CG, Heiss G, et al.  Geographic variation in the onset of decline of ischemic heart disease mortality in the United States. Am J Public Health. 1986;76(12):1404–1408
  4. Sempos C, Cooper R, Kovar MG, McMillan M. Divergence of the recent trends in coronary mortality for the four major race-sex groups in the United States. Am J Public Health. 1988;78:1422–1427
  5. Higgins M, Thom T. Trends in CHD in the United States. Int J Epidemiol. 1989;18(Suppl. 1):558–566
  6. ARIC Investigators . The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) Study: Design and Objectives. Am J Epidemiol. 1989;129(4):687–702
  7. CCSP Coordinating Center . Community Cardiovascular Surveillance Program: Final Report to the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. June 1, 1984;
  8. Gillum RF. Community surveillance for cardiovascular disease. Methods, problems, applications—a review. J Chronic Dis. 1978;31:87–94
  9. Prineas RJ, Crow RS, Blackburn H. In: 3rd Ed. The Minnesota Code Manual of Electrocardiographic: Findings, Standards and Procedures for Measurement and Classification. Boston, Massachusetts: John Wright, PSG, Inc; 1982;
  10. Christiansen DA, Hosking JD, Dannenberg AL, Williams OD. Computer-assisted data collection in multicenter epidemiologic research: The ARIC Study. Controlled Clin Trials. 1990;11:101–115
  11. Cochran WG. Sampling Techniques. 3rd Ed. New York: John Wiley & Sons; 1977;
  12. Breslow NE, Day NE. Statistical Methods in Cancer Research, Vol. II: The Design and Analysis of Cohort Studies. In: 6th Ed. IARC Scientific Publications No. 82. Lyon: Oxford University Press; 1987;
  13. Tunstall-Pedoe H. Uses of coronary heart attack registers. Br Heart J. 1978;50:510–515
  14. Gillum RF, Blackburn H, Feinleib M. Current strategies for explaining the decline in ischemic heart disease mortality. J Chronic Dis. 1982;35:467–474
  15. Bonita R, Beaglehole R, North JDK. The long-term monitoring of cardiovascular disease: Is it feasible?. Community Health Studies. 1983;7:111–117
  16. Tunstall-Pedoe H. Problems with criteria and quality control in the registration of coronary events in the MONICA Study. Acta Med Scand. 1988;728:17–25 (Suppl)
  17. Sytkowski PA, Kannel WB, D'Agostino RB. Changes in risk factors and the decline in mortality from cardiovascular disease. The Framingham Heart Study. N Engl J Med. 1990;322:1635–1641
  18. Pell S, Fayerweather WE. Trends in the incidence of myocardial infarction and in associated mortality and morbidity in a large employed population.1957–1983. N Engl J Med. 1985;312:1005–1011
  19. World Health Organization Regional Office For Europe . Myocardial Infarction Community Registers. Copenhagen Public Health in Europe No. 5. 1976;
  20. Elveback LR, Connolly DC, Melton LJ. Coronary heart disease in residents of Rochester, Minnesota. VII. Incidence, 1950 through 1982. In: 6th Ed. Mayo Clin Proc. 61:1986;p. 896–900
  21. Fortmann SP, Haskell WL, Williams PT, et al.  Community surveillance of cardiovascular diseases in the Stanford Five-City Project. Am J Epidemiol. 1986;123:656–669
  22. Burke GL, Sprafka JM, Folsom AR, Leupker RV, Norsted SW, Blackburn H. Trends in CHD mortality, morbidity and risk factor levels from 1960 to 1986: The Minnesota Heart Survey. Int J Epidemiol. 1989;18(Suppl. 1):s73–s81
  23. Goldberg RJ, Gore JM, Alpert JS, Dalen JE. Incidence and case fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction (1975–1984): The Worcester Heart Attack Study. Am Heart J. 1988;115:761–776
  24. McKinlay SM, Carleton RA, McKenney JL, Assaf AR. A new approach to surveillance for acute myocardial infarction: Reproducibility and cost efficiency. Int J Epidemiol. 1989;18(1):1–9
  25. WHO MONICA Project Principal Investigators . The World Health Organization MONICA Project (Monitoring Trends and Determinants in Cardiovascular Disease): A major international collaboration. J Clin Epidemiol. 1988;41:105–114
  26. Kannel WB, Abbott RD. Incidence and prognosis of unrecognized myocardial infarction. An update on the Framingham Study. N Engl J Med. 1984;311:1144–1147

PII: 0895-4356(95)00041-0

Journal of Clinical Epidemiology
Volume 49, Issue 2 , Pages 223-233 , February 1996

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